Factbox-Who owns US debt?

    investing.com 10/02/2025 - 06:29 AM

    U.S. Debt Overview

    The U.S. government has nearly $36 trillion in debt, with its bonds considered foundational to the global financial system.

    Presidential Remarks

    On Sunday, President Donald Trump stated that his administration is investigating Treasury debt payments for potential fraud, and he hinted that the country’s debt might not be as high as reported. Such comments could cause concern among investors who consider U.S. debt a safe asset.

    Treasuries: Global Role

    U.S. Treasuries are widely held and serve various functions globally, including:
    Financial Reserves
    Pricing Benchmarks
    Collateral for Borrowing

    Breakdown of U.S. Debt Ownership

    By Owner:

    Owner Holding Size (U.S. dollars)
    U.S. Federal Reserve $4.7 trillion
    Social Security and $2.4 trillion
    Other U.S. agencies
    Foreign investors $8.7 trillion
    U.S. investors and $19.7 trillion
    Other U.S. holders

    By Foreign Investor:

    Country/Region/City Holding Size (U.S. dollars)
    Japan $1,099 billion
    China $768.6 billion
    Britain $765.6 billion
    Luxembourg $424.5 billion
    Cayman Islands $397 billion
    Canada $374.4 billion
    Belgium $361.3 billion
    Ireland $338.1 billion
    France $332.5 billion
    Switzerland $300.6 billion
    Taiwan $286.9 billion
    Singapore $257.7 billion
    Hong Kong $255.7 billion
    India $234 billion
    Brazil $229 billion
    Norway $159 billion
    Saudi Arabia $135.6 billion
    South Korea $127.8 billion
    Mexico $100.8 billion
    Germany $97.7 billion
    Rest of World $1,589 billion

    Monthly Foreign Ownership Data

    The U.S. Treasury compiles foreign ownership data monthly, depending mostly on U.S.-based custodians. Because securities held in custody accounts might not be attributed to actual owners, the data may not accurately reflect individual country ownership of Treasuries.

    Current Total U.S. Debt: $35.5 trillion, continually on the rise.




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